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肥大性瘢痕与瘢痕疙瘩概述

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2010-07-23 19:28:59 | www.chinesejk.com

  重要病理改变:

  (1)增生的纤维组织交错排列,呈旋涡状或结节状;

  (2)病变主要在真皮,无包膜,与周围组织界限不清;

  (3)肥厚性瘢痕损害不超过原损伤范围。

  一般病理改变:

  (1)两者组织象相同,增生纤维组织均呈旋涡状或结节状;

  (2)早期为增殖期,成纤维细胞较多,胶原纤维及胶原束较细,淡蓝色,有血管增生及炎细胞浸润;

  (3)中期为纤维化期,胶原纤维和胶原束均增粗,嗜伊红性增加,排列更紧密、杂乱,血管及炎细胞减少或消失;

  (4)晚期为硬化期,胶原纤维透明化。

  临床特点:

  (1)儿童及青年人多发;

  (2)患者往往具有瘢痕体质,有色人种易于发病,偶有家族史;

  (3)常见外伤、手术切口等处;

  (4) 多发于胸骨区,亦常见于颈部、肩、耳部、下肢等处;

  (5) 皮损均系外伤后组织增生性病变,早期两者皮损相同,均呈红色隆起,质地坚硬,表面光滑;

  (6)瘢痕疙瘩呈蟹足状伸展,持续存在甚至可扩展,而肥厚性瘢痕经数年可自行变平;

  (7)可单发或多发;

  (8)常无自觉症状,偶有痒痛。

(编辑:刘一鸣 )

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