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胸腺瘤该如何诊断

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2010-07-23 21:37:48 | www.chinesejk.com

  【诊断】

  X线检查是发现及诊断纵隔肿瘤的重要方法。胸部平片正位相,胸腺瘤常表现为一侧隔增宽或突向一侧胸腔的圆形或椭圆形致密影,突向右侧多于左侧,也可见突向双侧胸腔。突向左侧常被主动脉球掩盖,突向右侧可与上腔静脉重叠。肿物影边缘清晰锐利,有的呈分叶状。侧位像可见位于胸骨后心脏大血管前密度均匀形态上呈实质性肿块影(图1、2)。少数胸腺瘤可见条状,点状,块状和不成形的钙化,其钙化程度较畸胎瘤为低。有的胸腺瘤呈扁片状伏于心脏大血管之上,此种类型在X线检查中最难诊断。侧位病灶断层是确定胸腺瘤简单易行且经济的检查方法,它能显示肿瘤的存在,大小,密度,在无条件行复杂的检查时,侧位病灶体层尤为实用。

  胸部CT是先进而敏感检查纵隔肿瘤的方法,它能准确地显示肿瘤的部位,大小,突向一侧还是双侧,肿瘤的边缘,有无周围浸润以及外科可切除性的判断,对于临床和普通的X线检查未能诊断的病例,胸部CT有其特殊的价值。

(编辑:刘一鸣 )

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