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肺爆震伤有什么表现

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2010-07-26 20:11:58 | www.chinesejk.com

  肺爆震伤的主要病理改变是肺泡破裂和肺泡内出血,其次是肺水肿和气肿,有时伴肺破裂。肺出血可由斑点状至弥漫性不等,重者可见相当于肋间隙下的相互平行条状的肺实质出血。肺实质内血管破裂可形成血肿,甚至可出现血凝块堵塞气管而迅速致死。肺水肿轻者为间质性或肺泡腔内含有少量积液,重者可见大量的水肿液溢至支气管以至气管内,常混有血液,呈血性泡沫液。肺出血和水肿可致肺不张。肺气肿可为间质性或肺泡性,重者在胸膜下出现含有血和气的肺大疱,发生肺破裂时可引起血胸或血气胸。

  肺爆震伤的临床表现因伤情轻重不同而有所差异。轻者仅有短暂的胸痛、胸闷或憋气感。稍重者伤后1~3天内出现咳嗽、咯血或血丝痰,少数有呼吸困难,听诊可闻及变化不定的散在性湿罗音或捻发音。严重者可出现明显的呼吸困难、发绀、血性泡沫痰等,常伴休克。查体除肺内罗音外可有肺实变体征和血气胸体征。此外,常伴有其他脏器损伤的表现。X线检查肺内可见肺纹理增粗、斑片状阴影、透光度减低、以至大片状密影,亦可有肺不张和血气胸的表现。血气检查可出现轻重不等的异常结果。

(编辑:刘一鸣 )

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