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医院获得性肺炎治疗

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2010-08-02 09:22:38 | www.chinesejk.com
  包括抗感染治疗、呼吸治疗如吸氧和机械通气、免疫治疗、支持治疗以及痰液引流等,以抗感染治疗最重要。"临床经验"是最初确定用药方案的主要依据。免疫功能抑制、慢阻肺或ICU患者,绿脓杆菌肺炎较为多见,治疗应包括对其有杀灭作用的抗菌药物如青霉素类的哌拉西林和替卡西林、第三代头孢菌素的头孢他啶和头孢哌酮、其他β-内酰胺类的亚胺配能和氨曲南、氨基糖甙类如阿米卡星和氟喹诺酮类如氧氟沙星和环丙沙星等。大面积烧伤或严重创伤并发NP,金葡菌感染常见,选药时应加用苯唑西林或第一代头孢菌素;如为耐甲氧西林金葡菌(MRSA),应选万古霉素。病情笃重或发展迅速者,所选药物以对革兰阳性和阴性细菌均有杀灭作用的广谱抗生素为宜。器官移植服用环孢霉素期间出现NP而细菌和真菌检查阴性时,应怀疑卡氏肺孢子虫感染可能,经验性治疗可采用复方磺胺甲恶唑或戊烷脒。

(编辑:小珊 )

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