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哪些环境因素可直接或间接引起先心病?

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2010-09-14 17:08:01 | www.chinesejk.com
多数先心病的发病都与环境致畸原有关。母亲患某种疾病,如糖尿病、免疫抑制病、系统性红斑狼疮、苯丙酮尿症或者较大计量的射线照射等,怀孕胎儿易发生心血管缺陷。妊娠早期患风疹病毒感染、宫腔内病毒感染、羊膜病变以及早期先兆流产等均抑制胎儿畸形。某些药物可为致畸原,已知不同致畸原及其引起心血管畸形的发生率如下:酒精25%-30%,反应停5%-10%,苯异丙胺5%-10%,锂剂10%,乙内酰脲2%-3%,性激素2%-4%,三甲双酮15%-30%,另外 ,吸烟、高原慢性缺氧和吸毒等也可引起心血管畸形。多数环境致畸因素是通过与遗传因素的相互作用导致心血管畸形,但少数致畸原如酒精、反应停、风疹病毒感染等可直接导致先心病,有人分别称之为酒精综合征、反应停综合征和风疹综合征(Rubella syndrome)。

(编辑:小鱼 )

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