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肛门部硬下疳是怎么回事?

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2010-10-07 16:34:22 | www.chinesejk.com
肛门部硬下疳的发病机理如下:

肛门部硬下疳是梅毒第一期损害,由于梅毒螺旋体感染,女性比男性多见。95%由性乱行为传染,也有皮肤损伤传染。感染后2~6周发病,多发生在肛门周围,初起为一小红斑丘疹,然后成为约1cm圆形硬韧斑块,质硬,边缘隆起,中心糜烂,成圆形溃疡,但不化脓。发生在肛门皮褶内的成梭形溃疡。显微镜下可见下疳中心部表皮脱落,边缘部表皮增生肥厚,棘皮细胞水肿。真皮血管内皮细胞肿胀,血管周围有淋巴细胞、浆细胞和上皮样细胞浸润。直肠硬下疳少见。由于硬下疳分泌物刺激,肛门部皮肤常有裂口。3~5周后两侧腹股沟可发生数个孤立坚硬的淋巴结。

其临床表现及诊断为:初起肛门部瘙痒和刺痛,抓破丘疹,脱痂后生成溃疡。这种溃疡不痛,如有继发感染或溃疡侵犯括约肌,则感疼痛。潜伏期长,2~6周。溃疡常在肛门两侧,边硬向外突起,腹股沟淋巴结肿大,表皮和真皮可找到螺旋体,3~4周后梅毒血清试验阳性。应与固定型药疹鉴别。固定型药疹者有服药史和复发史,红斑1~2cm,可有水泡、痒和灼痛,软而不硬。

(编辑:小徐 )

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