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怎样诊断先天性盘状软骨损伤?

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2010-10-13 16:27:42 | www.chinesejk.com
盘状软骨极易损伤,这是因为在盘状软骨的上面被一横嵴穿过而分成两个面,在膝关节屈伸时,股骨髁分别与嵴后小面、嵴前小面相接触,越过横嵴时会出现弹响,盘状软骨不如正常半月板坚韧,像一个柔软的纤维盘,不能适应膝部的运动。如果膝侧副韧带又比较松弛,盘状软骨不能保持完整的结构,有轻微的扭伤就可能造成撕裂。

盘状软骨损伤后也表现为膝关节疼痛,上下楼梯、运动、行走时疼痛加重,休息后好转可有关节无力感。屈膝位伸直15°时会出现清脆的弹响,有小腿震动感。“重力试验”阳性,检查方法为:患者侧卧于患侧,骨盆下垫一枕,使患腿离开床面,助手托起健腿,自动伸屈患膝,出现弹拔响及关节错动即提示为盘状软骨。X光显示盘状软骨的胫骨内踝近关节缘的骨质密度比外髁高,胫骨外侧关节缘比股骨延长,胫骨外髁关节缘比正常窄,股、胫骨髁内侧缘发育不规律,或宽或窄。股骨外髁关节面呈双层显影,腓骨小头高度较正常略高。

(编辑:阳阳 )

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