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小儿急性喉炎的诊断

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2011-02-15 13:37:05 | www.chinesejk.com

  症状体征

  起病较急,多有发热、声嘶、咳嗽等。初起声嘶多不严重,哭闹时有喘声,继而炎症侵及声门下区,则成“空”、“空”样咳嗽声,夜音症状加重。病情较重者可出现吸气性喉喘鸣,吸气期呼吸困难,胸骨上窝、锁骨上窝、肋间及上腹部软组织吸气期内陷等喉阻塞症状。严重患儿口鼻周围发绀或苍白,指趾发绀,有不同程度的烦躁不安,出汗。如不及时治疗,则面色苍白,呼吸无力、循环、呼吸衰竭、昏迷,抽搐、甚至死亡。

  病理生理

  多继发于鼻炎、咽炎、上呼吸道感染。可为流行性感冒、肺炎、麻疹、水痘、百日咳、猩红热等急性传染病的前驱疾病。

  诊断检查

  如作喉镜检查,可见喉粘膜充血、肿胀,声带亦充血呈红色,上有扩张血管,声门常附有粘脓性分泌物,声门下粘膜肿胀向中间突出而成一狭窄腔。诊断根据其特有症状如:声嘶、喉喘鸣,“空”、“空”样咳嗽声,吸气性呼吸困难,诊断多无困难。必要时可行喉镜检查。

(编辑:文莱 )

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