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急性鼻炎的生理改变

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2011-02-17 09:31:01 | www.chinesejk.com

  当你因风寒及其他的原因引起的头痛、发烧、食欲不振、全身疲乏无力、鼻堵、打喷嚏、流清鼻涕、鼻子发痒等症状,这些症状都是急性鼻炎的典型症状。

  从生理的角度来分析:急性鼻炎的初期,鼻粘膜的酸碱度(pH值)趋向于碱性,溶菌酶的活性下降,给细菌的繁衍提供了有利条件,经过1~3天的潜伏期后,鼻腔粘膜内的毛细血管发生收缩,粘膜的腺体分泌减少。这期间鼻腔通气特别好,但鼻腔中有干痛、刺痈感,容易打喷嚏。然后又很快的进入兴奋期,使粘膜中血管、淋巴管扩张,腺体增大,粘膜充血、水肿、分泌物增多,使鼻腔堵塞,鼻腔流清水样分泌物。紧接着身体要调动防御系统保护机体不受损害,首先动用白血球,大批的白血球与侵入的细菌对抗着,因此粘膜表面的渗出物中掺杂着脱落的上皮细胞和纤毛,加上战斗中牺牲的白血球尸体,分泌物逐渐转变为粘液脓性。表现鼻堵加重、流脓鼻涕,炎症扩散到周围器官,则出现头痛、耳鸣、听力下降、咽喉疼痛、声音嘶哑及咳嗽等症状。

(编辑:文莱 )

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