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空肠弯曲菌肠炎有什么表现?

来源:华人健康网 | 发布时间:2012-03-11 00:53:58 | www.chinesejk.com
空肠弯曲菌为婴幼儿感染性腹泻的重要病原。空肠弯曲菌肠炎患者和携带空肠弯曲菌的家畜、家禽是重要的传染源,以粪—口传播途径为主,污染的水源、牛奶、食物可引起流行。7~9月为发病高峰,6个月至2岁的婴幼儿发病率高。空肠弯曲菌主要侵犯空肠和回肠,侵入肠粘膜引起炎症反应,如充血、水肿、渗出及溃疡。细菌可侵入血流引起菌血症、血栓性静脉炎、心内膜炎、脑膜炎及胆囊炎等。潜伏期2~7天。主要症状为发热、腹泻及腹痛。发热为首发症状,约占病人的4/5,平均38℃左右。腹泻每日十多次,开始为水样便,逐渐变为粘液便、脓血便,有恶臭味,显微镜检查可见多数白细胞和红细胞,容易误诊为细菌性痢疾。一般无脱水表现。腹痛多在脐周和小腹,轻~中度疼痛,剧烈腹痛可误诊为阑尾炎和肠套叠。本病为自限性疾病,常在一周内自愈,婴儿容易复发,可演变为慢性过程。如果孩子在流行季节出现发热、腹痛、脓血便,应想到此病。若大便培养有空肠弯曲菌生长即可明确诊断。

(编辑:小鱼 )

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